A Laboratory Guide to the Identification of Claviceps purpurea and Claviceps africana in Grass and Sorghum Seed Samples
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Inhibition of germination and sporulation of Claviceps africana from honeydew encrusted sorghum with seed treatment fungicides
The inhibitory e!ects of six fungicides on macrospore germination and production of secondary conidia of Claviceps africana were studied. E!ects of these fungicides on germination of sorghum seed also were determined. Panicles from male-sterile sorghums with honeydew exudate were harvested from the USDA-ARS Research Farm, Isabela, Puerto Rico in the Spring of 1997. Honeydew exudate-infested pan...
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Claviceps sorghi is a pathogen of Sorghum bicolor found only in India and Southeast Asia. The more widespread C. africana is predominant even in India; C. sorghi appears to be marginalized in its restricted range. A significant difference in invasiveness is the relative production of inoculum that spreads plant-to-plant. Claviceps sorghi produces few to no secondary conidia from macroconidia on...
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The toxicity of sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) was assessed in young pigs over 28 days. Fortyeight pigs of both sexes and 2 breeds (Large White and Duroc) were allocated across 6 grower diets, balanced for fibre and predicted digestible energy, and containing 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.3, 2.5, or 5% ergot sclerotia [the 5% sclerotia diet contained 70 mg alkaloids/kg (>90% dihydroergosine)]. Blood sampl...
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Isolates of Claviceps causing ergot on sorghum in India were analysed by AFLP analysis, and by analysis of DNA sequences of the EF-1alpha gene intron 4 and beta-tubulin gene intron 3 region. Of 89 isolates assayed from six states in India, four were determined to be C. sorghi, and the rest C. africana. A relatively low level of genetic diversity was observed within the Indian C. africana popula...
متن کاملBiology, Genetics, and Management of Ergot (Claviceps spp.) in Rye, Sorghum, and Pearl Millet
Ergot is a disease of cereals and grasses caused by fungi in the genus Claviceps. Of particular concern are Claviceps purpurea in temperate regions, C. africana in sorghum (worldwide), and C. fusiformis in pearl millet (Africa, Asia). The fungi infect young, usually unfertilized ovaries, replacing the seeds by dark mycelial masses known as sclerotia. The percentage of sclerotia in marketable gr...
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